Nursing interventions for preventing pressure ulcers in the perioperative period
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5327/Z1414-4425202428919Keywords:
Pressure ulcer, Perioperative period, Nursing, Nursing care, Perioperative nursingAbstract
Objective: To identify risk factors and nursing interventions for preventing pressure ulcers in perioperative patients. Method: This is an integrative literature review, for which data were collected in the following databases: Web of Science, Latin American and Caribbean Health Sciences Literature (LILACS), and National Library of Medicine (Medline). Data collection took place between July and August 2022. Original articles, without language restrictions and related to the research topic, were included. Thematic analysis was used for data processing. Results: Based on the analysis of the 16 publications that composed the corpus of this study, two categories were listed: a) risk factors for developing pressure ulcers in patients in the perioperative period; b) nursing interventions to prevent pressure ulcers. Conclusion: Risk factors for developing pressure ulcers are: being an older adult, malnourished or overweight, and comorbidities such as diabetes mellitus, vasculopathy, neuropathy, among others. Nursing interventions include: assessing risks using scales, such as ELPO and Munro, performing appropriate surgical positioning, protecting bone spurs, and planning unique patient care.
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