Risk evaluation for injuries due to surgical positioning in cardiac surgery
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5327/Z1414-4425202227765Keywords:
Enfermagem, Centro CirurgicoAbstract
Objective: To assess the risk levels resulting from surgical positioning in patients undergoing cardiac surgery. Method: This is an observational, cross-sectional, documentary, descriptive study carried out in a philanthropic hospital in Salvador, state of Bahia, Brazil. The sample consisted of 258 patients who underwent heart surgery between January 2018 and January 2019. A form with sociodemographic and clinical variables and the Risk Assessment Scale for the Development of Injuries Due to Surgical Positioning (ELPO) were used. Data were analyzed quantitatively, using tables with absolute and relative frequencies. Results: Among the patients, 59.7% were men; 53.1% were submitted to coronary artery bypass grafting; 69.8% were classified as stage 3 according to the American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA III); 68.2% had higher body mass index; all patients were submitted to general anesthesia and positioned in the supine position, with the limbs in anatomical position; 63.2% had over 4 hours of duration of surgery; all used viscoelastic mattress and pads; and 60.5% had vascular disease. The ELPO score showed 90.7% of patients at low risk of developing positioning injuries. Conclusion: According to the ELPO evaluation, patients were at low risk of developing skin injury during cardiac surgeries, a result attributed to the use of a viscoelastic polymer mattress on the operating tables.
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